Question 1

Predict the deviation from Raoult's law when two liquids are mixed and the heat of the solution is large and the reaction endothermic.

Accepted Answer

A)   positive deviation
B)   relatively ideal (small or zero deviation) 
C)   negative deviationD) All of the above
E) A) and B)

Question 2

When a nonvolatile solute is added to a volatile solvent, the solution vapor pressure __________, the boiling point __________, the freezing point __________, and the osmotic pressure across a semipermeable membrane __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   decreases, decreases, increases, decreases
B)   increases, decreases, increases, decreases
C)   decreases, increases, decreases, increases
D)   increases, increases, decreases, increases
E)   decreases, increases, decreases, decreasesF) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 3

A solute added to a solvent raises the boiling point of the solution because

Accepted Answer

A)   the solute particles lower the solvent's vapor pressure, thus requiring a higher temperature to cause boiling.
B)   the temperature to cause boiling must be great enough to boil not only the solvent but also the solute.
C)   the solute increases the volume of the solution, and an increase in volume requires an increase in the temperature to reach the boiling point (derived from PV = nRT) .
D)   the solute particles raise the solvent's vapor pressure, thus requiring a higher temperature to cause boiling.
E)   Two of the above are correct.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 4

Consider that 45.0 g of a protein has been dissolved in 1.00 L of aqueous solution. The osmotic pressure of the solution at 25°C is 12.7 torr. What is the approximate molar mass of the protein?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider that 45.0 g of a protein...

Question 5

The solubility of the salt MxAy is 1.0 × 10-2 mol/L at 25°C. The osmotic pressure exhibited by a solution saturated with MxAy at 25°C is 1.22 atm. Determine the values of x and y by assuming ideal behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)   x = 1, y =3
B)   x = 2, y = 5
C)   x = 1, y = 1
D)   x = 2, y = 3
E)   none of theseF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 6

A 50.0-g sample of ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH)  is dissolved in 75.0 g of water. What is the mole fraction of ethyl alcohol?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.342
B)   0.667
C)   0.414
D)   0.207
E)   none of theseF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

A solution is prepared from 31.4 g of a nonvolatile, nondissociating solute and 85.0 g of water. The vapor pressure of the solution at 60°C is 142 torr. The vapor pressure of water at 60°C is 150. torr. What is the molar mass of the solute?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A solution is prepared from 31.4 g...

Question 8

When 228.8 mL of 0.726 MHCl is diluted with 122.2 mL of water, the molarity of the solution (assuming the volumes are additive)  is

Accepted Answer

A)   0.473 M.
B)   0.115 M.
C)   0.00207 M.
D)   0.253 M.
E)   1.36 M.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 9

Consider pure water separated from an aqueous sugar solution by a semipermeable membrane, which allows water to pass freely but not sugar. After some time has elapsed, the concentration of sugar solution

Accepted Answer

A)   will have increased.
B)   will be the same on both sides of the membrane.
C)   might have increased or decreased, depending on other factors.
D)   will have decreased.
E)   will not have changed.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

For each of the following solutions, would you expect it with respect to Raoult's law)  to be relatively ideal, to show a positive deviation, or to show a negative deviation?
-acetone (C3H6O)  and water

Accepted Answer

A)   relatively ideal
B)   positive deviation
C)   negative deviationD) None of the above
E) A) and B)

Question 11

If a solution exhibits a negative deviation from Raoult's law, the vapor pressure of the solution is __________ what would be expected ideally.

Accepted Answer

A)   equal to
B)   greater than
C)   less thanD) A) and B)
E) None of the above

Question 12

Which of the following concentration measures will change in value as the temperature of a solution changes?

Accepted Answer

A)   mole fraction
B)   mass percent
C)   molarity
D)   molality
E)   all of theseF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

What is the expected osmotic pressure, in torr, of a 0.0100 M solution of NaCl in water at 25°C?

Accepted Answer

A)   186 torr
B)   0.245 torr
C)   372 torr
D)   15.6 torr
E)   none of theseF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 14

A 0.2 molar solution of a solute X, in benzene, displays an osmotic pressure given by the formula Π = (0.1) RT. Which of the following is most likely to be the case?

Accepted Answer

A)   X exists in benzene as X2.
B)   X exists in benzene as X.
C)   X exists in benzene dissociated into two particles.
D)   This solution strongly deviates from ideal behavior.
E)   None of these explanations is plausible.F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 15

How many moles of methanol, CH3OH, dissolved in 450.0 g of water are needed to make a 2.500 m solution?

Accepted Answer

Question 16

A cucumber is placed in a concentrated salt solution. What is most likely to happen?

Accepted Answer

A)   Salt will precipitate out.
B)   Water will flow from the solution to the cucumber.
C)   Salt will flow into the cucumber.
D)   Water will flow from the cucumber to the solution.
E)   No change will occur.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

An aqueous solution contains 46.6 g of KNO3 in 270.8 mL of solution. What is the molarity of the solution?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.125 M KNO3
B)   0.172 M KNO3
C)   1.70 M KNO3
D)   0.00801 M KNO3
E)   0.0575 M KNO3F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 18

The lattice energy of NaI is -686 kJ/mol, and its heat of solution is -7.6 kJ/mol. Calculate the hydration of energy of NaI(s)  in kJ/mol.

Accepted Answer

A)   -678
B)   +694
C)   -694
D)   +678
E)   +15.2F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

_____ states that the amount of gas dissolved in a solution is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas above the solution.

Accepted Answer

A)   ​Henry's law
B)   ​Avogadro's law
C)   ​Hooke's law
D)   ​Stoletov's law
E)   ​Amdahl's lawF) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

Calculate the molality of a solution containing 22.4 g of C6H12O6 in 319.6 mL of water (assume a density of 1.00 g/mL) .

Accepted Answer

A)   0.364 m
B)   0.0655 m
C)   0.000389 m
D)   0.389 m
E)   0.00695 mF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Exam 17: Properties of Solutions

Consider that 45.0 g of a protein has been dissolved in 1.00 L of aqueous solution. The osmotic pressure of the solution at 25°C is 12.7 torr. What is the approximate molar mass of the protein?

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How many moles of methanol, CH3OH, dissolved in 450.0 g of water are needed to make a 2.500 m solution?

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A solute added to a solvent raises the boiling point of the solution because

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A 50.0-g sample of ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH) is dissolved in 75.0 g of water. What is the mole fraction of ethyl alcohol?

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When 228.8 mL of 0.726 MHCl is diluted with 122.2 mL of water, the molarity of the solution (assuming the volumes are additive) is

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When a nonvolatile solute is added to a volatile solvent, the solution vapor pressure __________, the boiling point __________, the freezing point __________, and the osmotic pressure across a semipermeable membrane __________.

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An aqueous solution contains 46.6 g of KNO3 in 270.8 mL of solution. What is the molarity of the solution?

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A cucumber is placed in a concentrated salt solution. What is most likely to happen?

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The lattice energy of NaI is -686 kJ/mol, and its heat of solution is -7.6 kJ/mol. Calculate the hydration of energy of NaI(s) in kJ/mol.

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The solubility of the salt MxAy is 1.0 × 10-2 mol/L at 25°C. The osmotic pressure exhibited by a solution saturated with MxAy at 25°C is 1.22 atm. Determine the values of x and y by assuming ideal behavior.

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A solution is prepared from 31.4 g of a nonvolatile, nondissociating solute and 85.0 g of water. The vapor pressure of the solution at 60°C is 142 torr. The vapor pressure of water at 60°C is 150. torr. What is the molar mass of the solute?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For each of the following solutions, would you expect it with respect to Raoult's law) to be relatively ideal, to show a positive deviation, or to show a negative deviation? -acetone (C3H6O) and water

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ states that the amount of gas dissolved in a solution is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas above the solution.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following concentration measures will change in value as the temperature of a solution changes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Consider pure water separated from an aqueous sugar solution by a semipermeable membrane, which allows water to pass freely but not sugar. After some time has elapsed, the concentration of sugar solution

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a solution exhibits a negative deviation from Raoult's law, the vapor pressure of the solution is __________ what would be expected ideally.

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Calculate the molality of a solution containing 22.4 g of C6H12O6 in 319.6 mL of water (assume a density of 1.00 g/mL) .

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Predict the deviation from Raoult's law when two liquids are mixed and the heat of the solution is large and the reaction endothermic.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A 0.2 molar solution of a solute X, in benzene, displays an osmotic pressure given by the formula Π = (0.1) RT. Which of the following is most likely to be the case?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the expected osmotic pressure, in torr, of a 0.0100 M solution of NaCl in water at 25°C?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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How many moles of methanol, CH₃OH, dissolved in 450.0 g of water are needed to make a 2.500 m solution?

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A 50.0-g sample of ethyl alcohol (C₂H₅OH) is dissolved in 75.0 g of water. What is the mole fraction of ethyl alcohol?

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When a nonvolatile solute is added to a volatile solvent, the solution vapor pressure , the boiling point , the freezing point , and the osmotic pressure across a semipermeable membrane .

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An aqueous solution contains 46.6 g of KNO₃ in 270.8 mL of solution. What is the molarity of the solution?

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The solubility of the salt M_xA_y is 1.0 × 10^-2 mol/L at 25°C. The osmotic pressure exhibited by a solution saturated with M_xA_y at 25°C is 1.22 atm. Determine the values of x and y by assuming ideal behavior.

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For each of the following solutions, would you expect it with respect to Raoult's law) to be relatively ideal, to show a positive deviation, or to show a negative deviation? -acetone (C₃H₆O) and water

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Calculate the molality of a solution containing 22.4 g of C₆H₁₂O₆ in 319.6 mL of water (assume a density of 1.00 g/mL) .

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