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What are some features that were or are associated with the emptying of lakes formed during glacial times?


A) the Bonneville Salt Flats of Utah
B) the Channeled Scablands
C) enormous potholes carved into bedrock
D) enormous ripples hundreds of feet high
E) All of these.

F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

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The most striking feature of the Pleistocene Epoch was


A) the near-total absence of glaciers and ice on Earth.
B) the expansion of glaciers and ice on Earth.
C) the expansion of mountain glaciers but retreat of continental glaciers around the world.
D) the expansion of continental glaciers but retreat of mountain glaciers around the world.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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When the upper surface of the open ocean freezes, the feature produced is called


A) sea ice, composed mostly of fresh water.
B) sea ice, composed mostly of salty water.
C) ice calving, composed mostly of fresh water.
D) ice calving, composed mostly of salty water.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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What is the origin of smooth troughs cutting across the landscape in the Great Lakes area?


A) The areas were covered by soft marine sediments.
B) A huge flood coming from Iowa flowed toward the Great Lakes.
C) Glaciers carved the smooth troughs.
D) All of these.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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What is this bowl-shaped, glacially carved feature? What is this bowl-shaped, glacially carved feature? A) hanging valley B) arête C) cirque D) continental ice sheet


A) hanging valley
B) arête
C) cirque
D) continental ice sheet

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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If all the ice on the planet melted, how much would it cause global sea level to rise? If you do not remember the approximate size of this rise, the volume of ice is 32,000,000 km3 and the surface area of the world's ocean is 361,000,000 km2.


A) less than 10 centimeters
B) 10 centimeters to 1 meter
C) 1 meter to 10 meters
D) 10 meters to 100 meters
E) more than 100 meters

F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

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What is the feature numbered 2 on this photograph? What is the feature numbered 2 on this photograph? A) medial moraine B) terminal moraine C) recessional moraine D) esker E) kettle


A) medial moraine
B) terminal moraine
C) recessional moraine
D) esker
E) kettle

F) None of the above
G) C) and E)

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Which of the numbered features is a lateral moraine? Which of the numbered features is a lateral moraine? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 1 and 3


A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1 and 3

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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The present-day tilt of earth's axis of rotation is 23.5.What would be a result of less tilt, as shown here? The present-day tilt of earth's axis of rotation is 23.5<font face= symbol ></font>.What would be a result of less tilt, as shown here? A) high latitudes would receive less direct sunlight during the summer, causing cooler temperatures B) a decrease in glaciers C) more hours of sunlight on the equator, resulting in warmer global temperatures D) All of these.


A) high latitudes would receive less direct sunlight during the summer, causing cooler temperatures
B) a decrease in glaciers
C) more hours of sunlight on the equator, resulting in warmer global temperatures
D) All of these.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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What name best describes the area of the lake in this photograph? What name best describes the area of the lake in this photograph? A) terminal moraine B) equilibrium line C) fjord D) lateral moraine E) drumlin


A) terminal moraine
B) equilibrium line
C) fjord
D) lateral moraine
E) drumlin

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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What would happen to global sea levels if all the ice in West Antarctica melts?


A) It would not change because the volume of water you get from melting ice is only slightly more than the volume of the ice.
B) It would not change because the volume of water you get from melting ice is only slightly less than the volume of the ice.
C) Sea level would fall because of isostatic rebound.
D) Sea level would rise by a significant amount.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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The feature in the photograph below was formed by The feature in the photograph below was formed by A) plucking. B) abrasion. C) plucking on the left and abrasion on the right. D) abrasion on the left and plucking on the right.


A) plucking.
B) abrasion.
C) plucking on the left and abrasion on the right.
D) abrasion on the left and plucking on the right.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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The steep cliff in the foreground of the photograph below is called a(n) The steep cliff in the foreground of the photograph below is called a(n) A) tarn. B) icefall. C) col. D) nunatak.


A) tarn.
B) icefall.
C) col.
D) nunatak.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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What is the feature numbered 3 on this photograph? What is the feature numbered 3 on this photograph? A) medial moraine B) terminal moraine C) recessional moraine D) esker E) kettle


A) medial moraine
B) terminal moraine
C) recessional moraine
D) esker
E) kettle

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Correct Answer

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What is the relationship between plucking and abrasion on a glacially-scoured landscape?


A) Plucking occurs relatively suddenly when a glacier first encounters the landscape, and then if it remains in place for a long time, abrasion begins to happen later, over a long period of time.
B) Abrasion occurs relatively suddenly when a glacier first encounters the landscape, and then if it remains in place for a long time, plucking begins to happen later, over a long period of time.
C) Plucking occurs on the upflow side of a mound or hill that is scoured, while abrasion occurs on the downflow side.
D) Abrasion occurs on the upflow side of a mound or hill that is scoured, while plucking occurs on the downflow side.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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The exposed bedrock in the background of the figure below, to the right, formed as The exposed bedrock in the background of the figure below, to the right, formed as A) isostatic rebound caused the land to extend upward. B) particularly resistant rock and/or thin ice left the rock above the ice surface. C) a mantle hot spot melted the glacier in this localized area. D) local wind-blown deposition concentrated in this area of the glacier.


A) isostatic rebound caused the land to extend upward.
B) particularly resistant rock and/or thin ice left the rock above the ice surface.
C) a mantle hot spot melted the glacier in this localized area.
D) local wind-blown deposition concentrated in this area of the glacier.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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The primary reason that this feature formed is that The primary reason that this feature formed is that A) abrasion occurred on all sides, without plucking. B) three or more cirques merged by headward erosion. C) precipitation at the top of the mountain ran downward very quickly. D) a series of faults surrounded a very localized area and uplifted it.


A) abrasion occurred on all sides, without plucking.
B) three or more cirques merged by headward erosion.
C) precipitation at the top of the mountain ran downward very quickly.
D) a series of faults surrounded a very localized area and uplifted it.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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