Question 1

The effectiveness of some antibiotics, such as penicillin, is enhanced by preventing their excretion by use of

Accepted Answer

A)  toxiporins.
B)  organic anion transporters.
C)  probenecid.
D)  xenobiotics.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Decreased glomerular filtration rate would

Accepted Answer

A)  increase plasma protein clearance rate.
B)  increase plasma urea clearance rate.
C)  decrease plasma creatinine clearance rate.
D)  decrease plasma glucose clearance rate.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

The presence of renin secreting tumors may cause

Accepted Answer

A)  hypertension.
B)  increased aldosterone secretion.
C)  increased renal sodium reabsorption.
D)  All of the choices are correct.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 4

Plasma measurement of creatinine is a close estimate of GFR.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Tubular ultrafiltrate enters the collecting duct from the

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerulus.
B)  loop of Henle.
C)  distal convoluted tubule.
D)  proximal convoluted tubule.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

The tubular filtrate osmolarity __________ as it flows through the ascending limb of the loop of Henle.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases
B)  decreases
C)  remains unchangedD) None of the above
E) All of the above

Question 7

Damage to the lumbar region of the spinal cord could impair micturition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The majority of reabsorption occurs in the

Accepted Answer

A)  collecting duct.
B)  distal convoluted tubule.
C)  loop of Henle.
D)  proximal convoluted tubule.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Renal insufficiency

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulates metabolic alkalosis.
B)  often results from dialysis.
C)  may occur as a result of arteriosclerosis.
D)  stimulates hypokalemia.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

The conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II occurs primarily in the

Accepted Answer

A)  liver.
B)  adrenal cortex.
C)  kidneys.
D)  lungs.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 11

The __________ limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water.

Accepted Answer

A)  ascending
B)  descending
C)  both limbs
D)  neitherE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Which test can be used to detect renal damage from diabetes or hypertension?

Accepted Answer

A)  urea clearance
B)  PAH clearance
C)  inulin clearance
D)  albumin excretion rateE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Loop diuretics such as Lasix

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibit the actions of ADH.
B)  add extra solutes to the filtrate.
C)  inhibit active transport of salt out of the ascending loop of Henle limb.
D)  inhibit salt transport in the first section of the distal convoluted tubule.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 14

The renal plasma clearance of a substance that is filtered and secreted is ____ the GFR.

Accepted Answer

A)  greater than
B)  less than
C)  equal toD) All of the above
E) B) and C)

Question 15

Countercurrent multiplication occurs by the actions of the

Accepted Answer

A)  vasa recta.
B)  peritubular capillaries.
C)  loop of Henle.
D)  Both vasa recta and loop of Henle are correct.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

The main region of aldosterone action is the

Accepted Answer

A)  distal convoluted tubule.
B)  proximal convoluted tubule.
C)  medullary collecting duct.
D)  cortical collecting duct.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

The return of molecules from the tubules to the blood is called

Accepted Answer

A)  reabsorption.
B)  secretion.
C)  filtration.
D)  autoregulation.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

The minimum urine volume needed to excrete metabolic wastes produced by the body is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  renal plasma threshold.
B)  renal autoregulation.
C)  obligatory water loss.
D)  renal transport minimum.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Urine collects in the urinary bladder prior to entry into the urethra.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a potential filtration barrier in the glomerular capsule?

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular basement membrane
B)  capillary fenestrae
C)  parietal layer of the capsule
D)  slit diaphragmE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Exam 17: Physiology of the Kidneys

The __________ limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tubular filtrate osmolarity __________ as it flows through the ascending limb of the loop of Henle.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The presence of renin secreting tumors may cause

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Urine collects in the urinary bladder prior to entry into the urethra.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II occurs primarily in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Decreased glomerular filtration rate would

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which test can be used to detect renal damage from diabetes or hypertension?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The majority of reabsorption occurs in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a potential filtration barrier in the glomerular capsule?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tubular ultrafiltrate enters the collecting duct from the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Loop diuretics such as Lasix

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plasma measurement of creatinine is a close estimate of GFR.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The effectiveness of some antibiotics, such as penicillin, is enhanced by preventing their excretion by use of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Countercurrent multiplication occurs by the actions of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The return of molecules from the tubules to the blood is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The minimum urine volume needed to excrete metabolic wastes produced by the body is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The renal plasma clearance of a substance that is filtered and secreted is ____ the GFR.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Damage to the lumbar region of the spinal cord could impair micturition.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Renal insufficiency

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main region of aldosterone action is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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