Question 1

The __________ is a capillary network that produces a blood filtrate that enters the urinary tubules.

Accepted Answer

A)  vasa recta
B)  peritubular capillary
C)  glomerulus
D)  interlobar capillaryE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Renal damage often produces microalbuminuria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The minimum plasma concentration of a substance that results in the excretion of that substance in the urine is the

Accepted Answer

A)  transport maximum.
B)  GFR.
C)  renal plasma clearance.
D)  renal plasma threshold.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

The ability of the kidneys to maintain a relatively constant GFR despite fluctuating blood pressures is called

Accepted Answer

A)  renal plasma threshold.
B)  renal transport maximum.
C)  renal plasma clearance.
D)  renal autoregulation.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Inhibiting the actions of __________ would impair the ability of the kidney to regulate pH of the blood.

Accepted Answer

A)  aldosterone
B)  ADH
C)  carbonic anhydrase
D)  inulinE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 6

Inhibition of the functions of the descending limb of the loop of Henle would stimulate

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased water reabsorption.
B)  increased Na+ reasbsorption.
C)  decreased Na+ reabsorption.
D)  increased water reabsorption.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

The sensor in tubuloglomerular feedback is a group of cells called the

Accepted Answer

A)  macula densa.
B)  glomerulus.
C)  vasa recta.
D)  macula lutea.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

Granular cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus respond to decreased blood volume and increased sympathetic nerve activity by secreting

Accepted Answer

A)  renin.
B)  inulin.
C)  angiotensinogen.
D)  natriuretic hormone.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 9

________ are composed of crystals and proteins that grow until they break loose and pass into the urine collection system.

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal columns
B)  Renal calculi
C)  Renal calyces
D)  Renal pyramidsE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 10

People with diabetes mellitus have polyuria because

Accepted Answer

A)  they have inadequate amounts of ADH.
B)  they have greater oncotic pressure in the kidney tubules.
C)  they have inadequate amounts of aldosterone.
D)  they drink a lot of water.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

As the tubular filtrate moves through the descending limb of the loop of Henle, the osmolality of the filtrate increases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Aldosterone secretion from the adrenal cortex is stimulated by a(n)  ____ in blood Na+ or a(n)  ___ in blood K+.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase, decrease
B)  increase, increase
C)  decrease, increase
D)  decrease, decreaseE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 13

CAPD utilizes the _________ as a dialysis membrane.

Accepted Answer

A)  artificial semipermeable membrane
B)  urinary bladder
C)  peritoneum
D)  lungsE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

__________ is believed to be an autoimmune disease affecting the kidney.

Accepted Answer

A)  Pyelonephritis
B)  Polycystic kidney
C)  Glomerulonephritis
D)  CystitisE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct order of the nephron tubule structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  distal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, proximal convoluted tubule, Bowman's capsule
B)  proximal convoluted tubule, Bowman's capsule, distal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle
C)  Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule
D)  loop of Henle, Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubuleE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

What structure is an arteriole capillary bed - drained by an arteriole instead of a venule?

Accepted Answer

A)  peritubular capillaries
B)  vasa recta
C)  glomerulus
D)  juxtaglomerular apparatusE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Which of the following is a layer of the renal corpuscle?

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular visceral epithelium
B)  glomerular parietal epithelium
C)  glomerular endothelium
D)  All of the choices are correct.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 18

People with diabetes mellitus have glycosuria because

Accepted Answer

A)  the total renal blood flow is low.
B)  the plasma glucose concentration is greater than the renal plasma threshold.
C)  they have inadequate amounts of ADH.
D)  None of the choices are correct.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 19

Renal insufficiency often results from dialysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Damage to __________ neurons would impair micturition.

Accepted Answer

A)  parasympathetic
B)  sympathetic
C)  somatic motor
D)  associationE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Exam 17: Physiology of the Kidneys

Renal insufficiency often results from dialysis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The __________ is a capillary network that produces a blood filtrate that enters the urinary tubules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

CAPD utilizes the _________ as a dialysis membrane.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As the tubular filtrate moves through the descending limb of the loop of Henle, the osmolality of the filtrate increases.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ are composed of crystals and proteins that grow until they break loose and pass into the urine collection system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What structure is an arteriole capillary bed - drained by an arteriole instead of a venule?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The sensor in tubuloglomerular feedback is a group of cells called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Damage to __________ neurons would impair micturition.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aldosterone secretion from the adrenal cortex is stimulated by a(n) ____ in blood Na+ or a(n) ___ in blood K+.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a layer of the renal corpuscle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Granular cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus respond to decreased blood volume and increased sympathetic nerve activity by secreting

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Inhibition of the functions of the descending limb of the loop of Henle would stimulate

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People with diabetes mellitus have polyuria because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

__________ is believed to be an autoimmune disease affecting the kidney.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ability of the kidneys to maintain a relatively constant GFR despite fluctuating blood pressures is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The minimum plasma concentration of a substance that results in the excretion of that substance in the urine is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Renal damage often produces microalbuminuria.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People with diabetes mellitus have glycosuria because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the correct order of the nephron tubule structures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Inhibiting the actions of __________ would impair the ability of the kidney to regulate pH of the blood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Aldosterone secretion from the adrenal cortex is stimulated by a(n) __ in blood Na⁺ or a(n) _ in blood K⁺.

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