Question 1

After a cut through the midbrain separates the forebrain and part of the midbrain from all the lower structures, an animal:

Accepted Answer

A)   stops sleeping.
B)   sleeps a normal amount per day, but lacks REM sleep.
C)   enters a prolonged state of sleep.
D)   alternates rapidly between sleep and wakefulness.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

List some examples of "zeitgebers".

Accepted Answer

Light, exe...

Question 3

Which of these is characteristic of sleep apnea?

Accepted Answer

A)   involuntary movements of the arms and legs during sleep.
B)   periods without breathing during sleeping.
C)   tendency to fall asleep suddenly during the day.
D)   sleep walking and sleep terrors.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

Sleep spindles and K-complexes are most characteristic of which sleep stage?

Accepted Answer

A)   stage 1
B)   stage 2
C)   stage 3
D)   stage 4E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

Orexin, produced by neurons in the hypothalamus, appears to be necessary for:

Accepted Answer

A)   getting to sleep.
B)   waking up.
C)   raising body temperature.
D)   staying awake.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

After entering stage 4 for the first time each evening, the sleeper typically:

Accepted Answer

A)   returns immediately to stage 1.
B)   enters REM.
C)   cycles back through stages 3 and 2.
D)   wakes up.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following physical conditions is related to apnea?

Accepted Answer

A)   Puberty
B)   Being female
C)   Being obese
D)   Having asthmaE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 8

REM sleep is characterized by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   tension and activity of the postural muscles
B)   low and steady heart and breathing rates
C)   a high level of brain activity
D)   a highly synchronized EEG patternE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Drugs that are used to control narcolepsy also tend to produce what other effects?

Accepted Answer

A)   uncontrollable hand tremors and facial tics
B)   increased wakefulness
C)   reduction of sympathetic arousal
D)   relief from the symptoms of schizophreniaE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 10

Whereas most theorists have proposed that REM serves functions in memory and brain development, according to one newer hypothesis, the role of REM is merely to:

Accepted Answer

A)   rest the muscles.
B)   increase oxygen flow to the cornea.
C)   keep the person from waking up.
D)   synchronize activity between the left and right hemispheres.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Research found that during REM sleep, activity:

Accepted Answer

A)   decreased in the pons, while it increased in the limbic system.
B)   increased in the pons, while it decreased in the limbic system.
C)   decreased in both the pons and the limbic system.
D)   increased in both the pons and the limbic system.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

What is the best way to determine if an individual who claims to never dream does, in fact, have dreams?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ask them about their dreams immediately after they wake up in the morning.
B)   Wake them up during REM sleep and ask them if they have been dreaming.
C)   Wake them up during NREM sleep and ask them if they have been dreaming.
D)   Ask them under hypnosis if they have had any dreams recently.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Which of the following claims would be made by the evolutionary perspective of sleep?

Accepted Answer

A)   The function of sleep is similar to that of hibernation.
B)   More highly evolved species, such as humans, need more sleep than other species.
C)   During sleep, we relive the experiences of past generations.
D)   Sleep enables the body to repair and restore itself to promote survival.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

What does cataplexy involve?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dreamlike experiences that the person has trouble distinguishing from reality
B)   An attack of muscle weakness while awake
C)   A lack of inhibition of movement during REM sleep
D)   Repeated involuntary movement of the legs or arms during sleepE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

With each succeeding stage of sleep (from 1 to 4) :

Accepted Answer

A)   breathing and heart rates increase.
B)   brain activity increases.
C)   slow, large-amplitude waves increase in number.
D)   brain waves become smaller.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

Nightmares are to ____ as night terrors are to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   children; adults
B)   REM; NREM
C)   narcolepsy; cataplexy
D)   dopamine; serotoninE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Mice that lack orexin have difficulty:

Accepted Answer

A)   breathing at night.
B)   maintaining wakefulness.
C)   sleeping.
D)   waking up.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT true about sleepwalking?

Accepted Answer

A)   It occurs mostly in children.
B)   It is dangerous to awaken a sleepwalker.
C)   It runs in families.
D)   It occurs most often during stages 3 and 4.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Discuss the relationship between sleep and memory.

Accepted Answer

Summary-Sleep has great relationship wit...

Question 20

Huntington's disease may also affect orexin-containing neurons in the hypothalamus, leading to symptoms similar to:

Accepted Answer

A)   sleep apnea.
B)   periodic limb movement disorder.
C)   REM behavior disorder.
D)   narcolepsy.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Exam 9: Wakefulness and Sleep

Huntington's disease may also affect orexin-containing neurons in the hypothalamus, leading to symptoms similar to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After entering stage 4 for the first time each evening, the sleeper typically:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sleep spindles and K-complexes are most characteristic of which sleep stage?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List some examples of "zeitgebers".

Correct AnswerverifiedLight, exe...View AnswerShow Answer

REM sleep is characterized by which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following claims would be made by the evolutionary perspective of sleep?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT true about sleepwalking?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Whereas most theorists have proposed that REM serves functions in memory and brain development, according to one newer hypothesis, the role of REM is merely to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the best way to determine if an individual who claims to never dream does, in fact, have dreams?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the relationship between sleep and memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedSummary-Sleep has great relationship wit...View AnswerShow Answer

Research found that during REM sleep, activity:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

With each succeeding stage of sleep (from 1 to 4) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After a cut through the midbrain separates the forebrain and part of the midbrain from all the lower structures, an animal:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mice that lack orexin have difficulty:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Orexin, produced by neurons in the hypothalamus, appears to be necessary for:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following physical conditions is related to apnea?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Drugs that are used to control narcolepsy also tend to produce what other effects?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What does cataplexy involve?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nightmares are to ____ as night terrors are to ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these is characteristic of sleep apnea?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Light, exe...
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Summary-Sleep has great relationship wit...
View Answer

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Nightmares are to as night terrors are to .

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