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Which of the following conditions is most favorable to reap gains from global scale economies?


A) Low demand for local responsiveness
B) High pressures for cost reduction
C) Lack of universal needs
D) National differences in accepted business practices
E) High pressure to delegate production to domestic subsidiaries

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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A firm's profitability maximizes when it:


A) creates products similar to the products of its competitors.
B) strips all the value out of its product offering.
C) ensures that it has the right organization structure in place to execute its strategy.
D) picks a position on the efficiency frontier that is not viable.
E) does not configure its internal operations to reduce costs.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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What are the sources of economies of scales?

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Economies of scale have a number of sour...

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Firms that pursue an international strategy focus on increasing profitability by reaping the cost reductions that come from economies of scale,learning effects,and location economies.

A) True
B) False

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Describe the localization strategy.

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A localization strategy focuses on incre...

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In general,the more value customers place on a firm's products:


A) the lesser the profitability of the firm.
B) the higher the competitive pressure from other firms.
C) the lesser the quality of the product.
D) the lesser the consumer surplus for those products.
E) the higher the price the firm can charge for those products.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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The _____ activities of a firm have to do with the design,creation,and delivery of the product; its marketing; and its support and after-sale service.


A) support
B) tertiary
C) ancillary
D) primary
E) secondary

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Firms that operate internationally are able to realize location economies by dispersing individual value creation activities to locations where they are performed most efficiently and effectively.

A) True
B) False

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The _____ of a firm is measured by the difference between the value of a product to an average consumer and the average unit cost of producing that product.


A) customer surplus
B) value creation
C) cost curve
D) value efficiency
E) customer reservation

F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Firms that pursue a(n) _____ strategy take products first produced for their domestic market and sell them across various markets with only minimal local customization.


A) nationalization
B) transnational
C) global standardization
D) international
E) localization

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Pressures for cost reduction are intense in:


A) firms which produce products that are well differentiated.
B) firms whose major competitors are based in high-cost locations.
C) firms with persistent low capacity.
D) firms in which consumers face low switching costs.
E) firms with no international competition.

F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

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A firm maximizes its profitability when it:


A) creates products similar to the products of its competitors.
B) minimizes the value provided by its products.
C) picks a position on the efficiency frontier that is not viable.
D) strips all the value out of its product offering.
E) configures its internal operations to support the position selected by it on the efficiency frontier.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

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The greater the consumer surplus,the lower the value for the money the consumer gets.

A) True
B) False

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The _____ refer(s) to systematic reductions in production costs that have been observed to occur over the life of a product.


A) experience curve
B) learning effects
C) location economies
D) efficiency slope
E) economies of scale

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Managers are most likely to increase the profitability of their firm by pursuing strategies that:


A) add value to the firm's products.
B) increase costs.
C) enable the firm to reduce the depth of its product line.
D) allow the firm to sell less products in existing markets.
E) allow the firm to exit from relatively new markets.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Which of the following caveats is most likely to discourage global expansion of businesses?


A) Economies of scale
B) High consumers' reservation prices
C) Trade barriers
D) Mass customization
E) Low transportation costs

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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A firm's ability to increase its profitability and profit growth by expanding globally is constrained:


A) by the imperative of localization.
B) by the economies of scale.
C) due to customer surplus.
D) due to the leveraging of skills developed in foreign operations.
E) due to the dispersion of individual value creation activities.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Pressures for local responsiveness imply that it may not be possible to leverage skills and products associated with a firm's core competencies wholesale from one nation to another.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following statements is true about economies of scale?


A) Economies of scale lead to an increase in the average unit cost of a product.
B) Attaining economies of scale increases a firm's profitability.
C) The ability to spread variable costs over a large volume is a source of economies of scale.
D) Economies of scale result due to the increase in the perceived value of a product.
E) Economies of scale refer to cost savings that come from learning by doing.

F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

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How do firms respond to low cost pressures and low pressures for local responsiveness?

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Sometimes,multinational firms find thems...

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