Question 1

Explain why a frameshift mutation can have such devastating effects.

Accepted Answer

Frameshift mutations cause the insertion...

Question 2

Frameshift mutations change the number of ____ in the gene and usually cause large-scale changes in the ____ sequence of the protein.

Accepted Answer

A)   polypeptides; nucleotide
B)   amino acids; allelic
C)   alleles; amino acid
D)   nucleotides; amino acid
E)   amino acids; nucleotideF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 3

Sense mutations produce ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   elongated proteins
B)   shortened proteins
C)   extra termination codons
D)   frameshifts
E)   cell deathF) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Halogen-containing organic compounds persist in the environment for approximately five years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Radiation in the environment that contributes to radiation exposure is called ____________________ radiation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Radiation in the environment that contributes to...

Question 6

Several lines of research provide strong evidence that ____ to environmental signals influence behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)   epigenetic responses
B)   epigenetic feedback
C)   base analog reconstruction due
D)   base analog reactions
E)   base analog responsesF) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

The epigenetic state of a cell is called its ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The epigenetic state of a cell is...

Question 8

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome is a cell growth disorder that causes enlarged organs,high birth weight,and predisposition to cancer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Because there was no previous history of hemophilia in Queen Victoria's family,and because she transmitted the mutant allele to a number of her children,it is reasonable to assume that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   her father was homozygous for the disorder
B)   her mother was homozygous for the disorder
C)   her sister was a heterozygous carrier
D)   she was homozygous for the disorder
E)   she was a heterozygous carrierF) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 10

Mutations are changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   do not occur in the germ cells
B)   do not occur in the somatic cells
C)   are always chemically induced
D)   are always spontaneous
E)   can be passed on to daughter cellsF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 11

If a genetic disorder appears in a family with no prior history,and is fully expressed by everyone carrying that allele,it is most likely a(n) ____ trait.

Accepted Answer

A)   autosomal dominant
B)   autosomal recessive
C)   X-linked recessive
D)   Y-linked
E)   mitochondrialF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

Mutation rates of human genes are expressed as the number of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   nucleotides substitutions per gene
B)   frameshift mutations per genome
C)   mutated alleles per genome
D)   induced mutations per generation
E)   mutated alleles per gene in each generationF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

Genetic imprinting is caused by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   insertion of a nucleotide into an exon
B)   deletion of an amino acid from the mRNA strand
C)   a frameshift mutation
D)   epigenetic changes to DNA
E)   a change in a termination codonF) A) and C)
G) A) and B) D

Question 14

An individual with cystic fibrosis carrying two different mutant alleles would be a(n)____________________ heterozygote for the disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An individual with cystic fibrosis carrying two...

Question 15

Describe how an epigenetic trait differs from a mutated trait.

Accepted Answer

An epigenetic trait is a stable phenotyp...

Question 16

A cell that accumulates lots of mutational damage to its DNA may escape the normal controls of the cell cycle and become ____________________.

Accepted Answer

cancerous
cancer

Question 17

Identical twins have identical ____,but they do not always have identical ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   mitochondrial DNA; genotypes
B)   genotypes; mitochondrial DNA
C)   genotypes; phenotypes
D)   phenotypes; genotypes
E)   phenotypes; mitochondrial DNAF) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 18

In the 1970s,children's pajamas were treated with a(n)____________________ called tris-BP.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the 1970s,children's pajamas were treated with...

Question 19

Indirect methods for measuring mutation rates make inferences from levels of genetic variation between and among ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Indirect methods for measuring mutation rates make...

Question 20

New ____ mutations can often be detected by examining the inheritance of the trait in males.

Accepted Answer

A)   mitochondrial
B)   imprinting
C)   autosomal dominant
D)   autosomal recessive
E)   X-linkedF) C) and D)
G) All of the above E

Exam 11: Genome Alterations - Mutation and Epigenetics

Explain why a frameshift mutation can have such devastating effects.

Correct AnswerverifiedFrameshift mutations cause the insertion...View AnswerShow Answer

Frameshift mutations change the number of ____ in the gene and usually cause large-scale changes in the ____ sequence of the protein.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sense mutations produce ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Halogen-containing organic compounds persist in the environment for approximately five years.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Radiation in the environment that contributes to radiation exposure is called ____________________ radiation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Several lines of research provide strong evidence that ____ to environmental signals influence behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The epigenetic state of a cell is called its ____________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome is a cell growth disorder that causes enlarged organs,high birth weight,and predisposition to cancer.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because there was no previous history of hemophilia in Queen Victoria's family,and because she transmitted the mutant allele to a number of her children,it is reasonable to assume that ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mutations are changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA that ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a genetic disorder appears in a family with no prior history,and is fully expressed by everyone carrying that allele,it is most likely a(n) ____ trait.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mutation rates of human genes are expressed as the number of ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Genetic imprinting is caused by ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedD

An individual with cystic fibrosis carrying two different mutant alleles would be a(n)____________________ heterozygote for the disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe how an epigenetic trait differs from a mutated trait.

Correct AnswerverifiedAn epigenetic trait is a stable phenotyp...View AnswerShow Answer

A cell that accumulates lots of mutational damage to its DNA may escape the normal controls of the cell cycle and become ____________________.

Correct Answerverifiedcancerous cancer

Identical twins have identical ____,but they do not always have identical ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the 1970s,children's pajamas were treated with a(n)____________________ called tris-BP.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Indirect methods for measuring mutation rates make inferences from levels of genetic variation between and among ____________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

New ____ mutations can often be detected by examining the inheritance of the trait in males.

Correct AnswerverifiedE

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