Question 1

The cell walls of bacteria are responsible for the shape of the bacteria and the difference in the Gram stain reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Functions of the glycocalyx include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  biofilm formation.
B)  increased virulence.
C)  source of nutrition.
D)  protection against dehydration.
E)  binary fission.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 3

Cells placed in a hypertonic solution tend to lose water due to osmotic pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

What is the best reason why oxygen (O₂) can cross the plasma membrane by simple diffusion,but glucose must be transported across the barrier by facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxygen is a much smaller molecule,making it easier to pass through the molecules of the plasma membrane.
B)  Oxygen is a nonpolar molecule,easily passing through the nonpolar middle area of the plasma membrane.
C)  Oxygen can be burned/consumed as it crosses the membrane,providing the energy needed for its passage.
D)  Glucose is nonpolar,making it very difficult for it to cross the polar portions of the plasma membrane structure.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Figure 4.3
 
-In Figure 4.3,which diagram of a cell wall contains teichoic acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  a
B)  b
C)  both a and b
D)  neither a nor b
E)  The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided.F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 6

Figure 4.1
 
-Which drawing in Figure 4.1 is streptococci?

Accepted Answer

A)  a
B)  b
C)  c
D)  d
E)  eF) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 7

Figure 4.3
 
-In Figure 4.3,which diagram of a cell wall has a structure that protects against osmotic lysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  a
B)  b
C)  both a and b
D)  neither a nor b
E)  The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 8

Where are phospholipids most likely found in a prokaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  flagella
B)  organelles
C)  the plasma membrane
D)  ribosomes
E)  the plasma membrane and organellesF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  endoplasmic reticulum - internal transport
B)  Golgi complex - secretion
C)  mitochondria - ATP production
D)  centrosome - food storage
E)  lysosome - digestive enzymesF) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 10

A gram-positive bacterium suddenly acquires resistance to the antibiotic methicillin.This trait most likely occurred due to acquisition of new genetic information through

Accepted Answer

A)  conjugation.
B)  binary fission.
C)  meiosis.
D)  transformation.
E)  transduction.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 11

In bacterial ribosomes,a small 30S subunit and a large 50S subunit come together to produce the functional 70S ribosome.Why isn't it an 80S ribosome?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ribosome will become an 80S complex when the protein it is producing starts to be formed.
B)  Additional factors are required for protein synthesis.When these are put with the ribosome,it will become an 80S ribosome complex.
C)  S stands for Svedberg units,which indicates the relative rate of sedimentation due to size,weight,and shape of a particle.The numbers aren't strictly additive.
D)  A portion of the larger 50S subunit is detached as the ribosomes come together,making the final complex a 70S ribosome instead of an 80S ribosome.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

Spheroplasts,protoplasts,and mycoplasms are bacterial cells without cell walls.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following organelles most closely resembles a prokaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus
B)  mitochondrion
C)  Golgi complex
D)  vacuole
E)  cell wallF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Figure 4.2 
-Which of the following terms best describes the cell in Figure 4.2?

Accepted Answer

A)  peritrichous flagella
B)  amphitrichous flagella
C)  lophotrichous flagella
D)  monotrichous flagellum
E)  axial filamentF) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a functionally analogous pair?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus -nucleoid region
B)  mitochondria - prokaryotic plasma membrane
C)  chloroplasts - thylakoids
D)  cilia - pili
E)  9+2 flagella - bacterial flagellaF) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

Figure 4.3
 
-In Figure 4.3,which diagram of a cell wall is decolorized by a brief exposure to alcohol?

Accepted Answer

A)  a
B)  b
C)  both a and b
D)  neither a nor b
E)  The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided.F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 17

How do spirochetes and spirilla differ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spirochetes do not have a cell wall but spirilla do.
B)  Spirilla are found in chains of cells whereas spirochetes exist as individual cells.
C)  Spirilla have external flagella but spirochetes have axial filaments.
D)  Spirochetes have a rigid,corkscrew shape while spirilla are helical and more flexible.
E)  Spirochetes and spirilla are basically the same organisms and the terms can be used interchangeably.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 18

Small,hydrophobic molecules pass through a cell membrane most easily by simple diffusion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Prokaryotes lack organelles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What will happen if a bacterial cell is pretreated with a lysozyme solution,then placed in distilled water?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cell will plasmolyze.
B)  The cell will undergo osmotic lysis.
C)  Water will leave the cell.
D)  Lysozyme will diffuse into the cell.
E)  No change will result;the solution is isotonic.F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Exam 4: Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

In bacterial ribosomes,a small 30S subunit and a large 50S subunit come together to produce the functional 70S ribosome.Why isn't it an 80S ribosome?

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Functions of the glycocalyx include all of the following EXCEPT

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Figure 4.1 -Which drawing in Figure 4.1 is streptococci?

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How do spirochetes and spirilla differ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 4.2 -Which of the following terms best describes the cell in Figure 4.2?

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Spheroplasts,protoplasts,and mycoplasms are bacterial cells without cell walls.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cell walls of bacteria are responsible for the shape of the bacteria and the difference in the Gram stain reaction.

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Where are phospholipids most likely found in a prokaryotic cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 4.3 -In Figure 4.3,which diagram of a cell wall has a structure that protects against osmotic lysis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Small,hydrophobic molecules pass through a cell membrane most easily by simple diffusion.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 4.3 -In Figure 4.3,which diagram of a cell wall is decolorized by a brief exposure to alcohol?

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Figure 4.3 -In Figure 4.3,which diagram of a cell wall contains teichoic acids?

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Cells placed in a hypertonic solution tend to lose water due to osmotic pressure.

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Prokaryotes lack organelles.

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What is the best reason why oxygen (O₂) can cross the plasma membrane by simple diffusion,but glucose must be transported across the barrier by facilitated diffusion?

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Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

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What will happen if a bacterial cell is pretreated with a lysozyme solution,then placed in distilled water?

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Which of the following is NOT a functionally analogous pair?

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A gram-positive bacterium suddenly acquires resistance to the antibiotic methicillin.This trait most likely occurred due to acquisition of new genetic information through

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Which of the following organelles most closely resembles a prokaryotic cell?

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