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All of the following are traditional characteristics used to identify mycobacteria except:


A) rate of growth.
B) colony morphology.
C) gram stain results.
D) pigmentation.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends all the following drugs for the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis except:


A) ethambutol.
B) isoniazid.
C) rifampin.
D) ciprofloxacin.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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A sputum culture from a patient in Texas has colonies that grow buff colored colonies in approximately 4 weeks.After exposure to light, the colonies turn intense yellow.This isolate is most likely:


A) M.scrofulaceum.
B) M.kansasii.
C) M.fortuitum.
D) M.xenopi.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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What classifies an organism as a multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis?


A) Organisms resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampin
B) Organisms resistant to isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and streptomycin
C) Organisms resistant to streptomycin and rifampin
D) Organisms resistant to ciprofloxacin and imipenem

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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What is the single most important piece of equipment in a mycobacterial laboratory?


A) Ultraviolet lights
B) Covered centrifuge
C) Biological safety cabinet
D) CO2 incubator

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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What constituent of Löwenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium is added to suppress the growth of gram-positives?


A) Carbolfuchsin
B) Malachite green
C) Gentian purple
D) Mercurochrome

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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All of the following are biochemical tests for the identification of Mycobacterium spp.except:


A) niacin.
B) nitrate.
C) catalase.
D) PYR.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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How are mycobacterial infections transmitted?


A) By blood
B) By fomites
C) By sexual contact
D) By air

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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How has the treatment of mycobacterial disease changed in light of the multidrug-resistant strains of mycobacteria that are being isolated?


A) Antibiotic therapy is started sooner in the course of the disease.
B) More powerful antibiotics are used to treat mycobacterial disease.
C) Combinations of three or four drugs are used instead of a single drug.
D) Patients are hospitalized for the duration of their disease.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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This disease is slowly progressive, malignant, and, if untreated, life threatening.It is characterized by skin lesions and progressive, symmetric nerve damage.Lesions of the mucous membranes of the nose may lead to destruction of the cartilaginous septum, resulting in nasal and facial deformities.What disease is this?


A) Hansen's disease
B) Extrapulmonary tuberculosis
C) Non-Mycobacterium tuberculosis pulmonary disease
D) M.xenopi

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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A microbiologist is checking the mycobacteria cultures.She notices growth in one tube of Löwenstein-Jensen (LJ) that is a buff color, rough, and seems arranged in a cord.It has taken these organisms 4 weeks to grow.What is the most probable organism?


A) Mycobacterium leprae
B) M.avium
C) M.tuberculosis
D) M.marinum

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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A child visits his doctor because he has had a fever and a nonproductive cough.The child is also short of breath.The doctor orders a routine sputum culture and an acid-fast bacillus (AFB) culture and smear.The smear shows red organisms arranged in ropes.What is the most probable cause of this child's fever and cough?


A) Mycobacterium leprae
B) M.avium
C) M.intracellulare
D) M.tuberculosis

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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What is the most sensitive and rapid primary isolation liquid media for Mycobacterium spp.?


A) Thioglycollate
B) Cooked meat
C) 5% NaCl broth
D) Middlebrook 7H12

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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What media are recommended for routine culturing of specimens for the recovery of acid-fast bacilli?


A) Löwenstein-Jensen and liquid-based media
B) Middlebrook 7H10 and cooked meat broth
C) Sabouraud dextrose and LIM broth
D) Thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose (TCBS) and thioglycollate broth

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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