Question 1

Theories that focus mainly on deviance from the point of view of the social construction of condemnation and punishment typically look at deviance as a type of:

Accepted Answer

A)   action
B)   behavior
C)   condition or trait
D)   infraction
E)   none of the aboveF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

In the field of deviance studies, after the 1970s, labeling theory declined sharply in intellectual influence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Marxism is a variety of conflict theory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Conflict theory is most likely to focus on what factor as the main cause of high rates of crime:

Accepted Answer

A)   sharp inequalities in power and income
B)   social disorganization
C)   anomie
D)   culture transmission
E)   inadequate parental socializationF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

Labeling or interactionist theorists have tended to emphasize the "stickiness" of negative labels.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The labeling theory of deviance grew out of the general approach known as symbolic interactionism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

To labeling theorists, there is only one relevant audience-the general society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Controlologists tend to focus on:

Accepted Answer

A)   informal social control
B)   the etiology of deviant behavior
C)   the deviance of women
D)   the harmful consequences of criminal behavior
E)   the benign impact of social controlF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

Social class is the key explanatory theory of which of the following approaches?

Accepted Answer

A)   Marxism
B)   feminism
C)   interactionism
D)   androcentrism
E)   labeling theoryF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 10

The central, guiding, foundational concept in all constructionist perspectives toward deviance is:

Accepted Answer

A)   causality
B)   social control
C)   pathology
D)   objectivism
E)   etiologyF) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 11

Labeling involves the process of attaching a stigmatizing definition to an activity, belief, condition, or person.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Feminist theorists of deviance have charged that the field, as a general rule and until very recently, has regarded:

Accepted Answer

A)   the deviance of women as deviance in general, while the deviance of men has been seen as specialized deviance.
B)   the deviance of men as deviance in general, while the deviance of women has been seen as specialized deviance.
C)   both the deviance of women and the deviance of men have been seen as deviance in general.
D)   both the deviance of men and the deviance of women have been seen as specialized deviance.
E)   none of the aboveF) All of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 13

The feminist theory of deviance and crime argues that altogether too much attention has been paid in the past to the deviance and crime of women.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A central argument of labeling theory as spelled out by Howard Becker, the most well-known of its proponents:

Accepted Answer

A)   Persons who have broken a rule constitute a homogeneous category.
B)   The process of labeling is infallible; everyone who is labeled as deviant has in fact broken a rule.
C)   The degree to which people respond to a given act is dependent only on one factor-whether that act is a violation of a rule.
D)   Being caught and branded as a deviant has no important consequences for further social participation and self-image; what counts is, did the person engage in the act?
E)   none of the aboveF) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 15

The central concept in conflict theory is disparities in power between and among social categories in the population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The "major" mode of labeling theory examines the causal or etiological role of labeling as a cause of deviance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Feminists argue that when women do appear in deviance research, they are often relegated to the periphery of attention, with men given center stage. What is the most appropriate term for the phenomenon of a male-centered bias?

Accepted Answer

A)   sexism
B)   patriarchy
C)   androcentrism
D)   male bias
E)   feminismF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

Why did feminists criticize all other prior perspectives toward deviance and crime? According to feminism, what were the deficiencies and flaws of these perspectives? In their estimation, what would an adequate and valid theory of deviance and crime look like?

Accepted Answer

Feminists criticized all other prior per...

Question 19

In addition to studying the passage and enforcement of criminal laws, conflict theorists have also examined the causes of criminal behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The two intellectual enterprises-the study of causes of deviance and the social construction of deviance-are contradictory rather than complementary.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 3: Constructing Deviance

Why did feminists criticize all other prior perspectives toward deviance and crime? According to feminism, what were the deficiencies and flaws of these perspectives? In their estimation, what would an adequate and valid theory of deviance and crime look like?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIFeminists criticized all other prior per...View AnswerShow Answer

In the field of deviance studies, after the 1970s, labeling theory declined sharply in intellectual influence.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The central concept in conflict theory is disparities in power between and among social categories in the population.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In addition to studying the passage and enforcement of criminal laws, conflict theorists have also examined the causes of criminal behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Social class is the key explanatory theory of which of the following approaches?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Feminists argue that when women do appear in deviance research, they are often relegated to the periphery of attention, with men given center stage. What is the most appropriate term for the phenomenon of a male-centered bias?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Labeling involves the process of attaching a stigmatizing definition to an activity, belief, condition, or person.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The feminist theory of deviance and crime argues that altogether too much attention has been paid in the past to the deviance and crime of women.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Conflict theory is most likely to focus on what factor as the main cause of high rates of crime:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The central, guiding, foundational concept in all constructionist perspectives toward deviance is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To labeling theorists, there is only one relevant audience-the general society.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The labeling theory of deviance grew out of the general approach known as symbolic interactionism.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The two intellectual enterprises-the study of causes of deviance and the social construction of deviance-are contradictory rather than complementary.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Labeling or interactionist theorists have tended to emphasize the "stickiness" of negative labels.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Controlologists tend to focus on:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Theories that focus mainly on deviance from the point of view of the social construction of condemnation and punishment typically look at deviance as a type of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Marxism is a variety of conflict theory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The "major" mode of labeling theory examines the causal or etiological role of labeling as a cause of deviance.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Feminist theorists of deviance have charged that the field, as a general rule and until very recently, has regarded:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A central argument of labeling theory as spelled out by Howard Becker, the most well-known of its proponents:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Feminists criticized all other prior per...
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