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Exam 6: Stability and Cloud Development

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Question 41

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The dry adiabatic rate is the rate at which ____.

A) an air parcel rises
B) temperature changes in a rising or descending parcel of unsaturated air
C) volume changes when a parcel expands or is compressed
D) latent heat energy is released in a rising air parcel
E) temperature changes in a rising or descending parcel of saturated air

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Question 42

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Which condition below is necessary for a layer of altostratus clouds to change into altocumulus?

A) The top part of the cloud deck cools while the bottom part warms.
B) Temperature increases with increasing altitude in the layer.
C) The cloud layer becomes more stable.
D) The cloud layer becomes clear.
E) The nuclei types within the cloud have to change.

F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

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Question 43

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Lenticular clouds form on the ____________________ side of mountains.

A rising parcel of air expands and cools, whereas a sinking parcel is compressed and warms.

Explain why a rising parcel of air expands and cools, whereas a sinking parcel is compressed and warms.

Explain why afternoons tend to be windier than mornings, especially on warm days when the weather is clear or partly cloudy.

If the environmental lapse rate is 5 degrees Celsius per 1000 m and the temperature at Earth's surface is 25 degrees Celsius, then the air temperature at 2000 m above the ground is ____.

The largest amount of latent heat gets released in a ____ parcel of ____ saturated air.

Cumulus clouds are a common phenomenon over cool water surfaces.

An inversion represents an extremely stable atmosphere because air that rises into the inversion will eventually become ____ and ____ dense than/as the surrounding air.

Convective instability associated with severe thunderstorms and tornadoes can be brought on by lifting a stable air layer whose surface is humid and whose top is dry.

The atmosphere is normally most stable in the ________________ and most unstable in the ________________.

If rising air cools to its dew-point temperature, the relative humidity becomes _____.

A layer of altostratus can change into one of altocumulus if the top of the original cloud deck cools while the bottom warms.

Explain why an inversion represents an atmosphere that is absolutely stable.

Explain why the surface air on the leeward side of a mountain can be drier than the surface air on the windward side. What is this effect called? Can you think of a location in the United States where this might actually occur?

Just above cumulus clouds, you would expect to find ____.

Altocumulus clouds that show vertical development and produce tower-like extensions are called ____.

The combination of warming the surface and warming the air aloft creates the greatest atmospheric stability.

The rate at which the actual air temperature changes with increasing height above the surface is referred to as the ____ rate.